1. in early Greek only as Dep. 2. absolute to work hard, do work, suffer toil , (Homer); περὶ δόρπα πονέοντο were busied about their supper, (Iliad by Homer); so, πεπόνητο καθ᾽ ἵππους was busy with the horses, of a charioteer, (Iliad by Homer) 3. metaphorically to be in distress, to distress oneself , (Iliad by Homer):—; to suffer, be sick , (Thucydides) 4. with accusative to work hard at, to make or do with pains or care , (Homer) 5. after (Homer), the active form prevails 6. intransitive to toil, labour , (Theognis Elegiacus), attic; μάτην π. to labour in vain, (Sophocles Tragicus); with accusative, τὰ μηδὲν ὠφελοῦντα μὴ πόνει do not labour at things that profit not, (Aeschulus Tragicus) 7. with accusative cognate, π. πόνον, μόχθους to go through, suffer them, [ variant dates Tragica Adespota ; also with accusative partis, πονεῖν τὰ σκέλη (Aristophanes Comicus) 8. absolute to labour, be hard-pressed, suffer , (Thucydides): to be worn out, spoilt , (Demosthenes Orator) 9. Pass., impersonal, οὐκ ἄλλως αὐτοῖς πεπόνηται = πεπονήκασι, (Plato Philosophus) 10. transitive, 11. with accusative pers. to afflict, distress , (Pindar):—;Pass. to be worn out, to suffer greatly , (Sophocles Tragicus) 12. Pass., also, to be trained or educated , (Aristotle Philosopher) 13. with accusative rei, like ἐκπονεῖν, to gain by toil or labour , χρήματα (Xenophon Historicus): Pass. to be won or achieved by toil , (Pindar) (ML)