εἰμί, with various uses and significations, like the English verb to be. I. As substantive verb. 1. Of persons and things, to be, exist: Dz 17,28, J 1,1; 8,58; 17,5, al; ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν (for past ptcp.), Ap 1,4.8; 4,8; 11,17; 16,5 (see Swete, Ap., 5; M, Pr., 228); τὰ (μὴ) ὄντα, Rz 4,17, 1 Kor 1,28. 2. Of times, events, etc., to be, happen, take place: Mt 24,3, Mk 14,2; 15,42, Łk 21,23, J 4,6.23; 5,10, al. 3. to be present, be in a place, have come: Mt 2,13.15, Mk 1,45; 5,21; 15,40, Łk 1,80; 5,29, J 7,30, al.; before εἰς, Mk 2,1 before ἐκ, (ἐξ), Mt 1,20; 21,25, Mk 11,30, J 3,31, al. 4. Impers., ἔστι, ἦν, etc.; (a) there is (Fr. il y a), was, etc.: Mt 16,28, Łk 16,19, J 3,1; 5,2, Rz 3,10, al.; with dative (of the possessor; Bl., §37, 3), Mt 16,22, Łk 1,7, J 18,10, Rz 9,2, al.; ἔστιν ὅς, ὅστις (chiefly in pl), Mt 16,28; 19,2, Mk 9,1, al.; (b) with inf., = ἔξεστιν (which see), it is possible: Hbr 9,5, 1 Kor 11,20, RV (but see ICC, in l.). II. As copula uniting subject and predicate. 1. Expressing simply identity or equivalence: Mt 5,13; 14,15, Łk 1,18.19, J 1,1; 4,19, Ap 3,9, al. mult. 2. Explicative, as in parable, figure, type, etc.: Mt 13,19, 1 Kor 9,2; 10,4; 11,25, Ga 4,24, Ap 17,15, al.; ταῦτ᾽ ἔστιν, Mt 27,46, Mk 7,2, Rz 7,18 al.; ὅ ἐστιν, Mk 3,17, Kol 1,24, Hbr 7,2, al.; akin to this is the sacramental usage: Mt 26,26-28, Mk 14,22.24, Łk 22,19, 1 Kor 11,24 (see ICC on Mk, I Co, ll. with; DB, iii, 148 f.). 3. C. genitive: qual., etc., Mk 5,42, Łk 3,23, 1 Kor 14,33, Hbr 12,11, al.; part., 1 Tm 1,20, 2 Tm 1,15; poss., Mt 5,3.10, Mk 12,7, Łk 4,7; of service or partisanship, Rz 8,9, 1 Kor 1,12, 2 Kor 10,7, 2 Tm 2,19. 4. C. dative (BL, §37, 3): Dz 1,8; 9,15, Rz 4,12, 1 Kor 1,18; 2,14, Ap 21,7, al. 5. C. ptcp., as a periphrasis for the simple verb (Bl., §62, 1, 2; M, Pr., 225 ff.); (a) with ptcp. pf. (cl.): Mt 10,30, Łk 9,32, J 3,24, Dz 21,35, 1 Kor 15,19, al; (b) with ptcp. pr. (esp. in impf., as in Heb. and Aram.; Dalman, Words, 35 f.), Mt 7,29, Mk 1,22, Łk 4,31; 14,1, Dz 1,10, al. mult., id. for imper. (M, Pr., 180f., 182f.), with ellipsis of εἰμί, Rz 12,9.10, Hbr 13,5, al.; (with) with ptcp. aor. (cl), Łk 23,9 6. Seq. εἰς (cf. Heb. הָיָה לְ), a vernac. usage (M, Pr., 71): Mt 19,5, Mk 10,8, Hbr 8,10, al. 7. C. adv.: Mt 19,20, Mk 4,26, Łk 18,11, al. 8. Ellipses; (a) of the copula (Bl., §30, 3): Mt 8,29; 24,32, J 21,22.23, Hbr 6,4, al.; (b) of the predicate: ἐγώ εἰμί, Mt 14,27, Mk 6,50, al.; absol. (cf. Pwt 32,39 אֲנִי הוּא), Mk 13,6, J 4,26, al. (cf. ἄπ-, ἔν-, πάρ-, συμ-πάρ-, σύν-ειμι). (AS)